| 襄公十八年 經十有八年． - 春．白狄來．
- 夏．晉人執衛行人石買．
- 秋．齊師伐我北鄙．
- 冬．十月．公會晉侯．宋公．衛侯．鄭伯．曹伯．莒子．邾子．滕子．薛伯．杞伯．小邾子．同圍齊．
- 曹伯負芻卒于師．
- 楚公子午帥師伐鄭．
| XVIII. Eighteenth year.1. In the [duke's] eighteenth year, in spring, [a representative of] the White Di came to Lu. 2. In summer, the people of Jin seized Shi Mai, the messenger of Wey. 3. In autumn, an army of Qi invaded our northern borders. 4. In winter, in the tenth month, the duke joined the marquis of Jin, the duke of Song, the marquis of Wey, the earls of Zheng and Cao, the viscounts of Ju, Zhu, and Teng, the earls of Xue and Qi, and the viscount of Little Zhu, and laid siege with them to [the capital] of Qi. 5. Fuchu, earl of Cao, died in the army. 6. The Gongzi Wu of Chu led a force and invaded Zheng.
| | 傳十八年． | COMMENTARY | | 春．白狄始來． | In spring, [a representative of] the White Di came to Lu. This was the first time, that they sought any intercourse with Lu; | | 夏．晉人執衛行人石買于長子．執孫蒯于純留．為曹故也． | 'In summer, the people of Jin seized Shi Mai, the messenger of Wey, at Zhangzi, and they seized Sun Kuai at Tunliu;—both on account of [their invasion of] Cao.' | | 秋．齊侯伐我北鄙．中行獻子將伐齊．夢與厲公訟．弗勝．公以戈擊之．首隊於前．跪而戴之．奉之以走．見梗陽之巫皋．他日見諸道．與之言同．巫曰．今茲主必死．若有事於東方．則可以逞．獻子許諾． | 'In autumn, the marquis of Qi having invaded our northern border, Zhonghang Xianzi prepared to invade Qi. [Just then], he dreamt that he was maintaining a suit with duke Li (see on VIII. xviii. 2. Xianzi had taken a principal part in the murder of duke Li), in which the case was going against him, when the duke struck him with a spear on his head, which fell down before him. He took his head up, put it on his shoulders, and ran off, when he saw the wizard Gao of Gengyang. A day or two after, it happened that he did see this Gao on the road, and told him his dream, and the wizard, who had had the same dream, said to him, "Your death is to happen about this time; but if you have business in the east, you will there be successful [first]." Xianzi accepted this interpretation. | | 晉侯伐齊．將濟河．獻子以朱絲係玉二榖而禱曰．齊環怙恃其險．負其眾庶．棄好背盟．陵虐神主．曾臣彪將率諸侯以討焉．其官臣偃實先後之．苟捷有功．無作神羞．官臣偃無敢復濟．唯爾有神裁之．沈玉而濟． | 'When the marquis was proceeding to invade Qi, and was about to cross the He, Xianzi bound two pairs of gems together with a thread of red silk, and offered the following prayer, "Huan of Qi, relying on his defiles and trusting in his multitudes, has cast away the bonds of friendship, broken his covenants, and treated cruelly [the people,—] the lords of the Spirits. Your servant Biao is about to lead the States to punish him, and before Biao and behind Biao it is the business of me his officer to go. If the enterprise be crowned with success, there will then be no disgrace to you, O Spirits, and I, Yan, will not presume to recross this river. Do ye, O Spirits, decide in this case." He then dropt the gems into the river, and crossed it. | | 冬．十月．會于魯濟．尋溴梁之言．同伐齊．齊侯禦諸平陰．塹防門而守之廣里．夙沙衛曰．不能戰．莫如守險．弗聽．諸侯之士門焉．齊人多死．范宣子告析文子曰．吾知子敢匿情乎．魯人．莒人．皆請以車千乘．自其鄉入．既許之矣．若入．君必失國．子盍圖之．子家以告公．公恐．晏嬰聞之曰．君固無勇．而又聞是．弗能久矣． | 'In winter, in the 10th month, there was a meeting on the Lu side of the Ji, when [the States] renewed their engagement at Chouliang, and undertook together to invade Qi. The marquis of that State withstood them at Pingyin, where there was a dyke with a gate, in front of which he dug a moat a li wide. Susha Wei said to him, "If you cannot fight, our best plan will be to [abandon this, and] guard our defiles;" but the marquis would not listen to him. The soldiers of the States attacked the defences, and many of the men of Qi were killed. Fan Xuanzi told Xi Wenzi (an officer of Qi), saying, "I know you, and will not keep back the truth from you. Lu and Ju have asked to enter your State from their own territories with a thousand chariots, and liberty has been given to them to do so. If they enter, your ruler is sure to lose his State. You had better consult for the emergency." Zijia (the above Xi Wenzi) reported this to the marquis, who was frightened at the intelligence. When Yan Ying heard of this, he said, "Our ruler before had no courage, and now he has got this news;—he cannot long hold out." | | 齊侯登巫山以望晉師．晉人使司馬斥山澤之險．雖所不至．必旆而疏陳之．使乘車者．左實右偽．以施先．輿曳柴而從之．齊侯見之．畏其眾也．乃脫歸． | 'The marquis of Qi ascended mount Wu to look at the army of Jin. The commanders of it had made the marshals examine all the difficult places in the hills and marshes, and set up flags in them at some distance from one another, even though there were no troops occupying them. They also sent forward their chariots with flags, only the man on the left being real, and the one on the right a figure. These were followed by carts, dragging branches after them. When the marquis saw all this, he was awed by the multitude, and returned, with all his insignia taken down. | | 丙寅晦．齊師夜遁．師曠告晉侯曰．鳥烏之聲樂．齊師其遁．邢伯告中行伯曰．有班馬之聲．齊師其遁．叔向告晉侯曰．城上有烏．齊師其遁． | 'On Bingyin, the last day of the moon, the army of Qi withdrew during the night. The music-master Kuang told the marquis of Jin of it, saying, "The crows are cawing joyfully. The army of Qi must have retreated." Xing Bo told Zhonghang Bo of it, saying, "I hear the neighing of horses retreating. The army of Qi must be withdrawing." Shuxiang announced to the marquis, saying, "There are crows on the wall. The army of Qi must have retreated." | 十一月．丁卯．朔．入平陰．遂從齊師．夙沙衛連大車以塞隧而殿．殖綽．郭最．曰．子殿國師．齊之辱也．子姑先乎．乃代之殿．衛殺馬於隘以塞道．晉州綽及之．射殖綽中肩．兩矢夾脰．曰．止．將為三軍獲．不止．將取其衷．顧曰．為私誓．州綽曰．有如日．乃弛弓而自後縛之．其右具丙．亦舍兵而縛郭最．皆衿甲而縛．坐于中軍之鼓下．晉人欲逐歸者．魯衛請攻險．
| On Dingmao, the 1st day of the month, the army of Jin entered Pingyin, and went on in pursuit of the army of Qi. Susha Wei placed several large carriages together to stop up a defile, and wished to bring up the rear; but Zhi Chuo and Guo Zui said to him, 'For you to bring up the rear of the army would be a disgrace to Qi. Please go on in front." Accordingly they took his place in the rear; and Wei killed a number of horses in the narrowest part of the way to shut it up [against them]. [Soon after], Zhou Chuo of Jin came up, and shot Zhi Chuo in the shoulder, two arrows lodging, one on each side of his neck, crying out, "Stop, and you shall be kept a prisoner in the army. If you do not stop, I will shoot you through your heart." The other looked round, and said to him, "Make me an oath [to that effect]." "I swear to you by the sun," replied Zhou Chuo, and with this he unstrung his bow, and bound his hands behind him himself. His spearman Ju Bing also laid aside his weapon, and bound Guo Zui. Both of them were bound in the same way with their buff-coats on, and sat down at the foot of the drum of the army of the centre. The men of Jin wanted to pursue the fugitives who were making for the capitals, while Lu and Wey asked leave to attack the [various] defiles. | | 己卯．荀偃．士匄以中軍克京茲．乙酉．魏絳．欒盈．以下軍克邿．趙武．韓起．以上軍圍廬．弗克．十二月．戊戌．及秦周伐雍門之萩．范鞅門于雍門．其御追喜．以戈殺犬于門中．孟莊子斬其橁．以為公琴．己亥．焚雍門．及西郭．南郭．劉難．士弱．率諸侯之師．焚申池之竹木．壬寅．焚東郭．北郭．范鞅門于揚門．州綽門于東閭．左驂迫．還于東門中．以枚數闔． | 'On Jimao, Xun Yan and Shi Gai, with the army of the centre, reduced Jingzi. On Yiyou, Wei Jiang and Luan Ying, with the third army, reduced Shi. Zhao Wu and Han Qi, with the first army, invested Lu, and could not take it; but in the 12th month, on Wuxu, they arrived at Qinzhou, and cut down the [fields of] southernwood about the Yong gate [of the capital]. Fan Yang made an attack on that gate, and his charioteer, Zhui Xi, killed a dog in it with a spear, while Meng Zhuangzi hewed down the xun trees about it, to make lutes for our duke. On Jihai they burned the Yong gate, with the western and southern suburbs. Liu Nan and Shi Ruo led the armies of the States, and burned down the bamboos and other trees about the Shen pond. On Renyin they burned the eastern and northern suburbs, while Fan Yang attacked the Yang gate, and Zhi [Zhou] Chuo that on the east. There his outside horse on the left turned wildly round, but Chuo with his switch [quietly] numbered [the nails at the top of] the leaves of the gate.' | | 齊侯駕．將走郵棠．大子與郭榮扣馬曰．師速而疾．略也．將退矣．君何懼焉．且社稷之主．不可以輕．輕則失眾．君必待之．將犯之．大子抽劍斷鞅．乃止．甲辰．東侵及濰．南及沂． | 'The marquis of Qi had the horses put to his chariot, intending to flee to Youtang, when his eldest son and Guo Rong laid hold of them, saying, "The haste and vehemence of the enemy only show in what a hurry they are. They will [soon] retire. What have you to fear? And moreover, as the lord of the altars, you should not be lightly moved. If you are, the multitudes will fall off from you. You must remain here, and await the result." The marquis was notwithstanding going to drive on, when his eldest son drew his sword, and cut the traces, on which he stopped. On Jiachen, the allies made an incursion eastwards to the south of the Wei and to the Yi.' | | 鄭子孔欲去諸大夫．將叛晉．而起楚師以去之．使告子庚．子庚弗許．楚子聞之．使楊豚尹宜告子庚曰．國人謂不穀主社稷．而不出師．死不從禮．不穀即位．於今五年．師徒不出．人其以不穀為自逸而忘先君之業矣．大夫圖之．其若之何．子庚歎曰．君王其謂午懷安乎．吾以利社稷也．見使者．稽首而對曰．諸侯方睦於晉．臣請嘗之．若何．君而繼之．不可．收師而退．可以無害．君亦無辱． | 'Zikong (the Gongzi Jia) wanted to remove all the great officers. Intending to revolt from Jin, and that he might raise an army of Chu, and so remove them, he sent and informed Zigeng (the Gongzi Wu, chief minister of Chu), who, however, declined to move in the affair. The viscount of Chu heard of it, and sent Yi, the commandant of Yangtun, with this message to Zigeng, "The people say that I, occupying my position as lord of the altars, and not going out to war, will die without following the rules [of our former kings]. It is now 5 years since I succeeded to my father, and during that time our troops have not [once] gone forth. People may well suppose that I am indulging myself, and forgetful of the inheritance of my fathers. Do you take the case into consideration, and consider what should be done." Zigeng sighed, and said to himself, "Does the king think that I am seeking my own ease? I acted as I did for the benefit of the State." He then saw the messenger, bowed himself to the ground and said, "The States are now in friendly harmony with Jin, but I will make trial of their feeling. If I find an attempt feasible, the king can follow me. If I do not, I will withdraw with the army. In this way no harm will be incurred, and the king will have no disgrace." | | 子庚帥師治兵於汾．於是子蟜．伯有．子張．從鄭伯伐齊．子孔．子展．子西守．二子知子孔之謀．完守入保．子孔不敢會楚師．楚師伐鄭．次於魚陵．右師城上棘．遂涉潁．次于旃然．蒍子馮．公子格．率銳師侵費．滑．胥靡．獻于．雍梁．右回梅山．侵鄭東北．至于蟲牢而反．子庚門于純門．信于城下．而還涉於魚齒之下．甚雨及之．楚師多凍．役徒幾盡． | 'Accordingly, Zigeng led out an army, and marshalled it at Fen. At this time Zijiao, Boyou, and Zizhang were in attendance on the earl of Zheng in the invasion of Qi, while Zikong, Zizhan, and Zixi, had charge of the State. These two other officers were aware of the scheme of Zikong, carefully completed their watch, and brought the people within the outer defences, so that Zikong did not dare to have any meeting with the army of Chu, which had now entered the State, and was halting at Yuling. The master of the Left raised a wall at Shangji, after which he crossed the Ying, and halted at Zhanran. Wei Ziping and the Gongzi Ge led thence a body of light-armed troops, and made incursions on Bi, Hua, Xumi, Xianyu, and Yongliang, going round by the right of mount Mei, and extending their raid to the northeast of Zheng, as far as Chonglao. When they returned, Zigeng made an attack on the Chun gate, passed two nights at the foot of the wall, and then withdrew, crossing the river at the foot of [the hill] Yuchi. Heavy rains then overtook him, and many of the soldiers suffered so from cold that the followers of the camp nearly all perished.' | | 晉人聞有楚師．師曠曰．不害．吾驟歌北風．又歌南風．南風不競．多死聲．楚必無功．董叔曰．天道多在西北．南師不時．必無功．叔向曰．在其君之德也． | 'The army of Jin having heard of this expedition of Chu, the music-master Kuang said [to the marquis], "It will do no harm. I was singing a northern air and a southern, and the latter was not strong, and gave the notes of many deaths. Chu will accomplish nothing." Dongshu [also] said to him, "The course of Heaven lies now mainly in the northwest. The time is unfavourable to a southern expedition. It will have no success." Shuxiang said, "All depends on the virtue of the ruler."' |
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