| 襄公二十二年 經二十有二年． - 春．王正月．公至自會．
- 夏．四月．
- 秋．七月．辛酉．叔老卒．
- 冬．公會晉侯．齊侯．宋公．衛侯．鄭伯．曹伯．莒子．邾子．薛伯．杞
- 伯．小邾子．于沙隨．公至自會．
- 楚殺其大夫公子追舒．
| XXII. Twenty-second year. 1. In his twenty-second year, in spring, in the king's first month, the duke arrived from the meeting. 2. It was summer, the fourth month. 3. In autumn, in the seventh month, on Xinyou, Shu Lao died. 4. In winter, the duke had a meeting with the marquises of Jin and Qi, the duke of Song, the marquis of Wey, the earls of Zheng and Cao, the viscounts of Ju and Zhu, the earls of Xue and Qi, and the viscount of Little Zhu, in Shasui. 5. The duke arrived from the meeting. 6. Chu put to death its great officer Zhuishu. | | 傳二十二年． | COMMENTARY | | 春．臧武仲如晉．雨．過御叔．御叔在其邑．將飲酒．曰．焉用聖人．我將飲酒而已．雨行．何以聖為．穆叔聞之．曰．不可使也．而傲使人．國之蠹也．令倍其賦． | 'This spring, Zang Wuzhong was going to Jin, and was passing by [the city of] Yu Shu (=Shu of Yu), when it rained. Shu was then in the city, and about to set to drinking. He said, "What occasion is there for employing a sage? I will do nothing but drink. Travelling thus in the rain, what sageness can he be possessed of?" When Mushu (Shusun Bao) heard of this, he said, "[This Yu Shu] is not fit to be sent on any mission. Carrying himself so proudly to our messenger, he is one of the vermin of the State." He then ordered that his contribution to the State should be doubled].' | | 夏．晉人徵朝于鄭．鄭人使少正公孫僑對曰．在晉先君悼公九年．我寡君於是即位．即位八月．而我先大夫子駟．從寡君以朝于執事．執事不禮於寡君．寡君懼．因是行也．我二年六月．朝于楚．晉是以有戲之役．楚人猶競而申禮於敝邑．敝邑欲從執事．而懼為大尤．曰．晉其謂我不共有禮．是以不敢攜貳於楚． | 'In summer, the people of Jin summoned [the earl of] Zheng to appear at their court, when the people of Zheng employed the Shaozheng, Gongsun Qiao (Zichan), to reply, which he did as follows:——"In the 9th year of duke Dao, the last ruler of Jin (the 9th year of Xiang), our ruler succeeded to the State; and eight months after, our late great officer, Zisi (the Gongzi Fei, 騑), followed him to the presence of your ministers in your court. They did not behave courteously to him, on which he was afraid and took his departure; and in the 6th month of his second year we went to the court of Chu. In conscquence of this, Jin made the campaign of Xi (See on ix. 5). But Chu was still strong, and repeated its courteous treatment of our State. We wished to follow your ministers, but were afraid they would find great matter of offence in our conduct. Jin, we thought, will say that we do not respond respectfully to courtesy; and on this account we did not dare to separate from Chu. | | 我四年三月．先大夫子蟜又從寡君以觀釁於楚．晉於是乎有蕭魚之役．謂我敝邑．邇在晉國．譬諸草木．吾臭味也．而何敢差池．楚亦不競．寡君盡其土實．重之以宗器．以受齊盟．遂帥群臣隨于執事．以會歲終．貳於楚者子侯．石盂．歸而討之． | 'In our ruler's 4th year, in the 3d month, our late great officer Jiao (Gongsun Chai) attended him to Chu, to see what course it would be proper for us to adopt; and on this Jin made the campaign of Xiaoyu (See on xi. 8). Then it said that our State was near to that of Jin, and that they were like plants which had the same fragrance;—why then should they presume to be in unequal relations? At this time Chu did not shew strength, and our ruler brought forth all the productions of the State, and added to them the vessels of his ancestral temple, that he might enter into a common covenant. He then led his servants to follow your ministers, and was present in your court at the end of the year. On his return, he punished Zihou and Shi Yu, who were inclined towards Chu. | | 溴梁之明年．子蟜老矣．公孫夏從寡君以朝于君．見於嘗酎．與執燔焉．間二年．聞君將靖東．夏四月．又朝以聽事．期不朝之間．無歲不聘．無役不從．以大國政令之無常．國家罷病．不虞荐至．無日不惕．豈敢忘職．大國若安定之．其朝夕在庭．何辱命焉．若不恤其患．而以為口實．其無乃不堪任命．而翦為仇讎．敝邑是懼．其敢忘君命．委諸執事．執事實重圖之． | 'The year after [the meeting at] Chouliang (See xvi. 2), Zijiao being old, Gongsun Xia attended our ruler to your court, when he had an audience at the summer sacrifice, and assisted in holding the offerings of flesh. When two years had intervened, hearing that your ruler was about to pacify the States of the east, he again went to your court in the 4th month, to ascertain the time for the enterprize. Between his appearances at your court, there has been no year in which he has not sent a mission of friendly inquiries, there has been no service in which he has not taken his share. Through the orders of your great State coming not at regular times our State has been wearied and distressed; at any time some unlooked for requirement might come; every day are we careful not to give offence;—how should we dare to forget our duty ? If your great State will grant us stable rest morning and evening, our ruler will be found in your court, without your having to condescend to send him any order to appear. But if you do not have pity on our distress, and fill your mouth with complaints against us, shall we not then be unable to endure your commands? You will be clipping our territory, and we shall become enemies to each other. This is what our State is afraid of; how dare we be unmindful of your ruler's order? We thus lay the case before his ministers; let them consult about it as its importance requires.' | | 秋．欒盈自楚適齊．晏平仲言於齊侯曰．商任之會．受命於晉．今納欒氏．將安用之．小所以事大．信也．失信不立．君其圖之．弗聽．退告陳文子曰．君人執信．臣人執共．忠信篤敬．上下同之．天之道也．君自棄也．弗能久矣． | 'In autumn, Luan Ying went from Chu to Qi, on which occasion Yan Pingzhong said to the marquis of Qi, "At the meeting of Shangren, you received the command of Jin [not to harbour Luan]; if you now receive him, where will be the use of that meeting? It is by good faith that a small State serves a large one. If its good faith be lost, it cannot stand. Let your lordship consider it." The marquis would not listen to him, and Pingzhong withdrew, and told Chen Wenzi, saying, "Rulers should hold fast good faith, and their subjects reverent obedience. It is the rule of Heaven that high and low should all observe true-heartedness, good faith, honesty, and reverence. Our ruler is throwing himself away;—he cannot continue long.' | | 九月．鄭公孫黑肱有疾．歸邑于公．召室老宗人．立段而使黜官薄祭．祭以特羊．殷以少牢．足以共祀．盡歸其餘邑曰．吾聞之．生於亂世．貴而能貧．民無求焉．可以後亡．敬共事君．與二三子．生在敬戒．不在富也．己巳．伯張卒．君子曰善戒．詩曰．慎爾侯度．用戒不虞．鄭子張其有焉． | 'In the 9th month, the Gongsun Heigong of Zheng called to him the steward of his house, and his kinsmen who took part with him in his ancestral temple, and told them to support [his son] Duan in his place, requiring them to diminish the number of his officers and the style of his sacrifices. A single sheep would be sufficient at the seasonal services, and a sheep and a pig at the grand sacrifice once in 3 years. Retaining a sufficient number of towns to supply these sacrifices, he gave all the rest back to the duke, saying, "I have heard that when one is born in an age of disorder, the best thing for him is to be able to be poor. When the people have nothing to require from him, his family will endure longer than the families of others. Reverently and dutifully," [said he to his son], "serve your ruler, and the officers, [his ministers]. Your life will depend on your reverence and caution, and not on your riches." On Jisi, Bozhang (Heigong) died. The superior man will say that he was wise in the cautions which he gave. What the ode says (Shi, III. iii. ode II. 5), 'Be careful of your duties as a prince; Be prepared for the dangers that may arise,' was exemplified by Zizhang of Zheng.'] | | 冬．會于沙隨．復錮欒氏也．欒盈猶在齊．晏子曰．禍將作矣．齊將伐晉．不可以不懼． | 'This meeting at Shasui was to take further measures to prevent the harbouring of Luan [Ying]. He was still in Qi, and Yanzi said, "Calamity is about to develop it self. Qi will attack Jin. There is ground for us to cherish apprehension." | | 楚觀起有寵於令尹子南．未益祿而有馬數十乘．楚人患之．王將討焉．子南之子棄疾為王御士．王每見之必泣．棄疾曰．君三泣臣矣．敢問誰之罪也．王曰．令尹之不能．爾所知也．國將討焉．爾其居乎．對曰．父戮子居．君焉用之．洩命重刑．臣亦不為．王遂殺子南於朝．轘觀起於四竟．子南之臣謂棄疾．請徙子尸於朝．曰．君臣有禮．唯二三子．三日．棄疾請尸．王許之．既葬．其徒曰．行乎．曰．吾與殺吾父．行將焉入．曰．然則臣王乎．曰．棄父事讎．吾弗忍也．遂縊而死． | 'Guan Qi of Chu was a favourite of Zinan the chief minister, and while his emolument was yet but small, his teams of horses were numbered by tens. The people were distressed about it, and the king determined to punish the minister. Zinan's son, Qiji, was charioteer to the king, who would fall a weeping whenever he saw him. Qiji said to him, "You have thrice wept at the sight of me;—let me ask whose crime makes you do this." The king said, "You know the inefficiency of the chief minister. The State is about to punish him; and can you abide in your office after that?" "If I were to abide after my father has been put to death," replied the charioteer, "how could you employ me? But to commit the great crime of disclosing what you have said is what I will not do." After this the king put Zinan to death in the court, and caused the four limbs of Guan Qi to be torn from each other by chariots in four different directions. Zinan's servants then asked Qiji to beg leave to remove his father's body from the court. "It is for you," he said to them, "[to teach me how] to observe the duties that should obtain between a ruler and his minister." After three days, he begged the body which the king granted to him; and when it was buried, his followers asked him if he was going to leave the State. "I was a party," he said, "to the death of my father;—to what State should I go?" "Well then," they asked again, "will you continue to be a servant of the king?" He replied, "To have abandoned my father, and yet to serve his enemy, is what I cannot bear to do." Immediately after, he strangled himself. | | 復使薳子馮為令尹．公齮子為司馬．屈建為莫敖．有寵於薳子者八人．皆無祿而多馬．他日朝．與申叔豫言．弗應而退．從之．入於人中．又從之．遂歸．退朝見之．曰．子三困我於朝．吾懼不敢不見．吾過．子姑告我．何疾我也．對曰．吾不免是懼．何敢告子．曰．何故．對曰．昔觀起有寵於子南．子南得罪．觀起車裂．何故不懼．自御而歸．不能當道．至．謂八人者曰．吾見申叔夫子．所謂生死而肉骨也．知我者．如夫子則可．不然謂止．辭八人者．而後王安之． | '[The king] then again appointed Wei Ziping to be chief minister. The Gongzi Yi was made [grand-]marshal. and Qu Jian was made the Mo'ao. The favourites of Weizi were eight men, all of whom, though having no emoluments, were possessed of many horses. One day [after his appointment], being at court, he spoke to Shen Shuyu, who gave him no answer, and withdrew. Weizi followed him, and he threw himself among a crowd. When he was still followed, Yu returned to his house, whither the other went to see him, when he had retired from the court. "Thrice," said Weizi, "you snubbed me in the court. You have frightened me, and I have felt that I must come and see you. Please tell me my errors; why should you be so indignant with me?" "I was afraid," replied Shuyu, "lest I should not escape [the impending fate]; how should I dare to tell you?" "What do you mean?" asked the minister. The other said, "Lately, Guan Qi was the favourite of Zinan. Zinan was dealt with as a criminal, and Guan Qi was torn in pieces by chariots. Is there not reason for me to be afraid?" [Weizi] then drove home himself, but was not able to keep the road. When he arrived, he said to his favourites, "I have seen my master Shen Shu. It may be said of him that he can give life to the dead, and flesh to the [bare] bones. With a master who knows me as he does I am satisfied; but I had rather drop the acquaintance of one who does not do so." He then dismissed the eight men, and afterwards the king was satisfied with him.' | | 十二月．鄭游販將歸晉．未出竟．遭逆妻者．奪之．以館于邑．丁巳．其夫攻子明殺之．以其妻行．子展廢良而立大叔．曰國卿．君之貳也．民之主也．不可以苟．請舍子明之類．求亡妻者．使復其所．使游氏勿怨．曰．無昭惡也． | 'In the 12th month, You Fan of Zheng was proceeding to Jin; and before he crossed the boundaries of the State, he met with a man and the bride whom he was conducting to his house. You Fan took the lady from him by force, and lodged her in a city [that he was passing]. On Dingsi, her husband attacked Ziming (You Fan), and killed him, and then went away with his [recovered] wife. Zizhan set aside Liang (Fan's son), and made Taishu (Fan's younger brother) Head of the family, saying, "A minister of the State is only second to the ruler, and a lord of the people. He must not be allowed to act disorderly. I have taken it on me to set aside another who is like Ziming." He also sought for the man who had lost his wife, made him return to his place, and would not allow the You family to resent what he had done, saying to them, "Do not make more manifest the wickedness [of Ziming]." |
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