| 經三年． | Text | - 春．王正月．郊牛之口傷．改卜牛．牛死．乃不郊．
- 猶三望．
- 葬匡王．
- 楚子伐陸渾之戎．
- 夏．楚人侵鄭．
- 秋．赤狄侵齊．宋師圍曹．
- 冬．十月．丙戌．鄭伯蘭卒．葬鄭穆公．
| 1. In the [duke's] third year, in spring, in the king's first month, the bull for the border sacrifice received some injury in its mouth. It was changed, and the tortoise-shell consulted about the [other] bull. That died, and so the border sacrifice was not offered. 2. Still [the duke] offered the sacrifices to the three objects of Survey. 3. There was the burial of king Kuang. 4. The viscount of Chu invaded the Rong of Luhun. 5. In summer, a body of men from Chu made an incursion into Zheng. 6. In autumn, the Red Di made an incursion into Qi. 7. An army of Song laid siege to [the capital] of Cao. 8. In winter, in the tenth month, on Bingxu, Lan, earl of Zheng, died. 9. There was the burial of duke Mu of Zheng. | | 傳三年．
- 春．不郊而望．皆非禮也．望．郊之屬也．不郊．亦無望可也．
- 晉侯伐鄭．及郔．鄭及晉平．士會入盟．
- 楚子伐陸渾之戎．遂至于雒．觀兵于周疆．定王使王孫滿勞楚子．楚子問鼎之大小輕重焉．對曰．在德不在鼎．昔夏之方有德也．遠方圖物．貢金九牧．鑄鼎象物．百物而為之備．使民知神姦．故民入川澤山林．不逢不若．螭魅罔兩．莫能逢之．用能協于上下．以承天休．桀有昏德．鼎遷于商．載祀六百．商紂暴虐．鼎遷于周．德之休明．雖小．重也．其姦回昏亂．雖大．輕也．天祚明德．有所底止．成王定鼎于郟鄏．卜世三十．卜年七百．天所命也．周德雖衰．天命未改．鼎之輕重．未可問也．
- 夏．楚人侵鄭．鄭即晉故也．
- 宋文公即位三年．殺母弟須．及昭公子．武氏之謀也．使戴桓之族．攻武氏於司馬子伯之館．盡逐武穆之族．武穆之族．以曹師伐宋．
- 秋．宋師圍曹．報武氏之亂也．
- 冬．鄭穆公卒．初．鄭文公有賤妾．曰燕姞．夢天使與己蘭．曰．余為伯鯈．余而祖也．以是為而子．以蘭有國香．人服媚之如是．既而文公見之．與之蘭而御之．辭曰．妾不才．幸而有子．將不信．敢徵蘭乎．公曰．諾．生穆公．名之曰蘭．
- 文公報鄭子之妃．曰陳媯．生子華．子臧．子臧得罪而出．誘子華而殺之南里．使盜殺子臧於陳宋之間．
- 又娶于江．生公子士．朝于楚．楚人酖之．及葉而死．
- 又娶于蘇．生子瑕．子俞彌．俞彌早卒．洩駕惡瑕．文公亦惡之．故不立也．公逐群公子．公子蘭奔晉．從晉文公伐鄭．石癸曰．吾聞姬姞耦．其子孫必蕃．姞．吉人也．后稷之元妃也．今公子蘭．姞甥也．天或啟之．必將為君．其後必蕃．先納之．可以亢寵．與孔將鉏．侯宣多．納之．盟于大宮．而立之．以與晉平．
- 穆公有疾．曰．蘭死．吾其死乎．吾所以生也．刈蘭而卒．
| COMMENTARY
- The giving up the border sacrifice, and yet offering those to the objects of Survey, were both contrary to rule. The latter were adjuncts of the former, and, if it were not offered, they might be omitted.
- The marquis of Jin invaded Zheng, and penetrated as far as Yan. Zheng then made peace with Jin, and Shi Hui entered its capital, and made a covenant.]
- The viscount of Chu invaded the Rong of Luhun and then went on as far as the Luo, where he reviewed his troops on the borders of Zhou. King Ding sent Wangsun Man [See the former mention of him in the Zhuan on V.xxxiii. 1] to him with congratulations and presents, when the viscount asked about the size and weight of the tripods. Man replied, "[The strength of the kingdom] depends on the [sovereign's] virtue, and not on the tripods. Anciently, when Xia was distinguished for its virtue, the distant regions sent pictures of the [remarkable] objects in them. The nine pastors sent in the metal of their provinces, and the tripods were cast, with representations on them of those objects. All the objects were represented, and [instructions were given] of the preparations to be made in reference to them, so that the people might know the sprites and evil things. Thus the people, when they went among the rivers, marshes, hills, and forests, did not meet with the injurious things, and the hill-sprites, monstrous things, and water-sprites, did not meet with them [to do them injury]. Hereby a harmony was secured between the high and the low, and all enjoyed the blessing of Heaven. When the virtue of Jie was all-obscured, the tripods were transferred to Shang, for 600 years. Zhou of Shang proved cruel and oppressive, and they were transferred to Zhou. When the virtue is commendable and brilliant, the tripods, though they were small, would be heavy; when it gives place to its reverse, to darkness and disorder, though they were large, they would be light. Heaven blesses intelligent virtue;—on that its favour rests. King Cheng fixed the tripods in Jiaru, and divined that the dynasty should extend through 30 reigns, over 700 years. Though the virtue of Zhou is decayed, the decree of Heaven is not yet changed. The weight of the tripods may not yet be inquired about."
- In summer, a body of men from Chu made an incursion into Zheng. The reason of this incursion was because Zheng had joined the party of Jin.
- Three years after the accession of duke Wen of Sung, he put to death his full brother, Xu, and the son of duke Zhao, because of the schemes of the Head of the Wu clan about them. He then made the clans of Dai and Huan attack Wushi in the court-house of Zibo, the minister of War, and drove out of the State the clans of Wu and Mu. They [fled to Cao], and with an army from it invaded Song.
- In autumn, an army of Song laid siege to the capital of Cao, in return for the disorders occasioned by the officer Wu.
- In winter, duke Mu of Zheng died. [His father], duke Wen, had a concubine of mean position, who was called Yan Ji [As belonging to the House of the southern Yan], who dreamt that Heaven sent and gave her a lan flower, saying, "I am Bochou [The founder of that House]; I am your ancestor. This shall be [the emblem of] your child. As the lan is the most fragrant flower of a State, so shall men acknowledge and love him." After this, when duke Wen saw her, he gave her a lan flower, and lay with her. She wished to decline his approaches, saying, "I am but a poor concubine, and should I be fortunate enough to have a son, I shall not be believed. I will venture to prove it by this lan." The duke agreed, and she bore a son, [who became] duke Mu, and named him Lan.
- Now duke Wen had had an intrigue with Chen Gui, the wife of [his uncle] Zi[yi], and she bore to him Zihua and Zizang, the latter of whom for some offence left the State. His father by a deception put Zihua to death in Nanli [See the 3d Zhuan after V. xvi. 4], and he made some ruffians kill Zizang between Chen and Song [See the 1st narrative in the Zhuan after V. xxiv. 2].
- Wen also took a wife from the House of Jiang, who bore him Shi; but he having gone to the court of Chu, was poisoned there, and died on his way back at She.
- He also took a wife from the House of Su, who bore him Xia, and Yumi. Yumi died early; and both his father and Xie Jia hated Xia, so that he was not appointed to succeed to the State. The duke then drove out all his own and his predecessors' sons, when Lan fled to Jin, from which he attended duke Wen in his invasion of Zheng [See the Zhuan on V. xxx. 5]. Shi Gui said, "I have heard that when Ji (姬) and Ji (姞) make a match, their descendants are sure to be numerous. The Jis (姞) are lucky;—the great wife of Houji was one. Now, the duke's son Lan is the child of a Ji. Heaven has perhaps opened the way for him. He must become our ruler, and his descendants will be numerous. Let us take the lead in receiving him, and we shall enjoy the greatest favour." Accordingly, with Kong Jiangchu and Hou Xuanduo, he received Lan, and brought him to Zheng, when they made a covenant with him in the grand temple, and had him appointed successor to the State;—thereby obtaining peace from Jin.
- When duke Mu was ill, he said, "When the lan die, I will die. It is by them I live." When they cut the lan, he died.
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