| 經十有五年．
- 春．王二月．葬衛定公．
- 三月．乙巳．仲嬰齊卒．
- 癸丑．公會晉侯．衛侯．鄭伯．曹伯．宋世子成．齊國佐．邾人．同盟于戚．
- 晉侯執曹伯．歸于京師．
- 公至自會．
- 夏．六月．宋公固卒．
- 楚子伐鄭．
- 秋．八月．庚辰．葬宋共公．
- 宋華元．出奔晉．宋華元自晉歸于宋．宋殺其大夫山．宋魚石出奔楚．
- 冬．十有一月．叔孫僑如會晉士燮．齊高無咎．宋華元．衛孫林父．鄭公子鰌．邾人．會吳于鍾離．
- 許遷于葉．
| XV. Fifteenth year. 1. In the [duke's] fifteenth year, in spring, in the king's second month, there was the burial of duke Ding of Wey. 2. In the third month, on Yisi, Zhong Yingqi died. 3. On Guichou, the duke had a meeting with the marquis of Jin, the marquis of Wey, the earl of Zheng, the earl of Cao, Cheng the heir-son of Song, Guo Zuo of Qi, and an officer of Zhu, when they made a covenant together in Qi. 4. The marquis of Jin seized the earl of Cao, and delivered him at the capital. 5. The duke arrived from the meeting [at Qi.] 6. In summer, in the sixth month, Gu, duke of Song, died. 7. The viscount of Chu invaded Zheng. 8. In autumn, in the eighth month, there was the burial of duke Gong of Song. 9. Hua Yuan of Song left the State and fled to Jin. From Jin he returned to Song. Song put to death its great officer Shan. Yu Shi of Song fled to Chu. 10. In winter, in the eleventh month, Shusun Qiaoru joined Shi Xie of Jin, Gao Wujiu of Qi, Hua Yuan of Song, Sun Linfu of Wey, the Gongzi Qiu of Zheng, and an officer of Zhu, in having a meeting with Wu at Zhongli. 11. Xu removed its capital to She. | | 傳十五年． | COMMENTARY | | 春．會于戚．討曹成公也．執而歸諸京師．書曰．晉侯執曹伯．不及其民也．凡君不道於其民．諸侯討而執之．則曰．某人執某侯．不然則否． | In spring, the duke had a meeting at Qi, the object of the meeting was to punish duke Cheng of Cao. The marquis of Jin seized , and delivered him at the capital. It's said in the TEXT that the marquis of Jin (晉 侯), and not the people of Jin (晉人), seized the culprit, saying that when a ruler has dealt with his people without any regard to what was right, and the States punish and seize him, then we read that 'the people of such and such a State seized him,' but if his wickedness has not extended to his people, it is said, 'the ruler of such and such a State seizes him.' | | 諸侯將見子臧於王．而立之．子臧辭曰．前志有之曰．聖達節．次守節．下失節．為君．非吾節也．雖不能聖．敢失守乎．遂逃奔宋． | The princes wished to introduce Zizang [the earl's brother; see on XIII. 6] to the king, and have him appointed earl, but he refused, saying, "It is contained in books of an earlier time, that a sage is equal to the duties of all positions; that a man of the second class maintains the duty of his position; and that one of the lowest class fails in the duty of his. It is not my position to be ruler. Although I cannot attain to the sage, dare I fail to maintain [what is my duty]?" He then withdrew secretly, and fled to Song. | | 夏．六月．宋共公卒． | In summer, in the 6th month, duke Gong of Song died. | 楚將北師．子囊曰．新與晉盟而背之．無乃不可乎．子反曰．敵利則進．何盟之有．申叔時老矣．在申．聞之曰．子反必不免．信以守禮．禮以庇身．信禮之亡．欲免得乎．
| Chu being about to send an expedition to the north, Zinang [the Gongzi Zhen, son of king Zhuang] said, "Is it not improper thus to violate the covenant, which we made so recently with Jin?" Zifan replied, "When we can gain an advantage over our enemies, we must advance, without any consideration of covenants." Shushi of Shen was then old and living in Shen. When he heard of Zifan's speech, he said, "Zifan will certainly not escape an evil end. Good faith is seen in the maintenance of propriety, and propriety is a protection to the person. If a man put away both good faith and propriety, though he wish to avoid an evil end, can he do so?"
| | 楚子侵鄭．及暴隧．遂侵衛．及首止．鄭子罕侵楚．取新石．欒武子欲報楚．韓獻子曰．無庸．使重其罪．民將叛之．無民孰戰． | The viscount made an inroad into Zheng as far as Baosui, and then went on to overrun Wey, as far as Shouzhi, [while, in the meantime], Zihan of Zheng made an inroad into Chu, and took Xinshi. Luan Wuzi wished to repay Chu [for this expedition], but Han Xianzi said, "You need not do so. Let the king go on, aggravating his offences, till the people revolt from him. Without the people, who will fight for him?" | | 秋．八月．葬宋共公．於是華元為右師．魚石為左師．蕩澤為司馬．華喜為司徒．公孫師為司城．向為人為大司寇．鱗朱為少司寇．向帶為大宰．魚府為少宰．蕩澤弱公室．殺公子肥．華元曰．我為右師．君臣之訓．師所司也．今公室卑而不能正．吾罪大矣．不能治官．敢賴寵乎．乃出奔晉． | 'In autumn, in the 8th month, there was the burial of duke Gong of Song. At this time Hua Yuan was master of the Right, and Yu Shi master of the Left; Dang Ze was minister of War; Hua Xi, minister of Instruction; Gongsun Shi, minister of Works; Xiang Weiren, grand minister of Crime, and Lin Zhu, the assistant minister; Xiang Dai, the grand administrator, and Yu Fu, the assistant. Dang Ze, seeing the weakness of the ducal House, killed duke [Wen's] son, Fei, on which Hua Yuan said, "I am master of the Right. It belongs to me as such to inculcate the duties between ruler and ministers. When the ducal House is now thus humbled, if I cannot deal with the wrong, my crime will be great. I am unable to discharge the duties of my office, and dare I rely on the favour [of the duke]?" With this, he left the State, and fled to Jin. | | 二華．戴族也．司城．莊族也．六官者．皆桓族也．魚石將止華元．魚府曰．右師反必討．是無桓氏也．魚石曰．右師苟獲反．雖許之討．必不敢．且多大功．國人與之．不反．懼桓氏之無祀於宋也．右師討．猶有戌在．桓氏雖亡．必偏．魚石自止華元于河上．請討．許之．乃反．使華喜．公孫師．帥國人攻蕩氏．殺子山．書曰．宋殺大夫山．言背其族也． | 'The two Hua were descended from duke Dai; the minister of Works from duke Zhuang; and the other six ministers were all sprung from duke Huan. Yu Shi was going to stop Hua Yuan, when Yu Fu said, "If the master of the Right return, he is sure to set about punishing, and the clan of Huan will perish." Yu Shi said, "If the master of the Right get to return, although we should allow him to punish, he will certainly not dare to do so. His services, moreover, have been many and great, so that the people of the State are all with him. If he do not return, I am afraid that the Huans will not be allowed to maintain their sacrifices in Song. Should he set about punishing, there is [Xiang] Xu. It is only a small portion of the Huans that will perish." [On this] Yu Shi went himself and stopped Hua Yuan at the He. Yuan said that he must be allowed to punish, and when this was granted, he returned, and made Hua Xi and Gongsun Shi lead the people to attack the Dang family, when they put to death Zishan [Dang Ze]. When it is said in the text that "Song put to death its great officer Shan," the style intimates that he was rebelling against the ducal House of which he was a scion. | | 魚石．向為人．鱗朱．向帶．魚府．出舍於雎上．華元使止之．不可．冬．十月．華元自止之．不可．乃反．魚府曰．今不從．不得入矣．右師視速而言疾．有異志焉．若不我納．今將馳矣．登丘而望之．則馳聘而從之．則決睢澨．閉門登陴矣．左師．二司寇．二宰．遂出奔楚．華元使向戌為左師．老佐為司馬．樂裔為司寇．以靖國人． | [After this], Yu Shi, Xiang Weiren, Lin Zhu, Xiang Dai, and Yu Fu, went out [from the capital] and halted near the Sui. Hua Yuan sent to stop them, but they refused to stop. In winter, in the 10th month, he went to them himself, but returned with the like result. Yu Fu said, "If we do not now [immediately] follow him, we shall not be able to enter [the capital] again. His glances were rapid and his words also;—his purposes towards us were hostile, as if he would not receive us again. He will now be driving off rapidly." They ascended a mound and saw [that Yuan was doing so], on which they took to their chariots, and hurried after him. The waters of the Sui, however, had been let out on the country, the gates of the city were shut, and the parapets were manned. The master of the Left, the two ministers of Crime, and the two administrators, were obliged to flee to Chu. Yuan then appointed Xiang Xu master of the Left, Lao Zuo minister of War, and Yue Yi minister of Crime, thus quieting the people. | | 晉三郤害伯宗．譖(zèn)而殺之．及欒弗忌．伯州犁奔楚．韓獻子曰．郤氏其不免乎．善人．天地之紀也．而驟絕之．不亡何待．初．伯宗每朝．其妻必戒之曰．盜憎主人．民惡其上．子好直言．必及於難． | The three Xi [Chou, Zhi, and Qi] of Jin injured Bozong slandering him and procuring his death, and also that of Luan Fuji, on which [Zong's] son Bo Zhouli fled to Chu. Han Xianzi said, "Those Xi will not escape an evil end! Good men are appointed for government by Heaven and Earth. If destroying in this way one and another of them be not sufficient to ruin those who do so, what [greater offence] is to be waited for?" Whenever Bozong went to court, his wife had been accustomed to say to him, "Thieves are angry with the master [they want to rob], and the people hate their superiors. You are fond of straightforward speaking, but it will bring you into difficulties." | | 十一月．會吳于鍾離．始通吳也．許靈公畏偪于鄭．請遷于楚．辛丑．楚公子申遷許于葉． | In eleventh month, the duke had a meeting with Wu at Zhongli, thiswas the first instance of communication between the States of the north and Wu. Duke Ling of Xu, dreading the [constant] pressure of Zheng, asked leave of Chu to remove its capital [into its territory]. Accordingly, on Xinchou, the Gongzi Shen of Chu removed Xu's chief city to She. |
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