1. Poetic Rimes, Luo Changpei and Zhou Zumo's monumental work provides a comprehensive listing of Han rime sequences accompanied by extensive and detailed analysis and discussion. This work is the standard reference source for the riming practices of Han times, and the system of RIME CATEGORIES it proposes has usually formed the basis for subsequent discussions of the syllable finals of the Han period. 2. Loangraph Glosses. Loangraph is a loan (假借) or an error for another graph. "Loan Characters in Pre-Han Texts". (karlgren 1963-7) 3. The Shuowen Duruo Glosses were of great interest of Scholars of Qing and early Republican times. "x duruo y" means "X is read like y." This is sound glosses supplied to indicate for readers the pronunciations of the glossed graphs. 4. Direct Sound Glosses and Fanqie Spellings. Most glosses of this type have the pattern "x Yīn y", "x has the sound of y." The primary function of these glosses seems to have been to indicate for readers the pronunciations of graphs which were considered problematical in some way. This gloss method were supplanted by the more practical fanqie spelling system. The usual pattern of Fanqie is "x yīn y z fǎn", "As to the sound of x, it has the initial of y and the final of z." 5. Paranomastic Glosses are in effect punning definitions where one word is glossed by another which was thought to be cognate to it. The basis for assuming such an etymological or cosmological link between two words was presumably phonetic similarity of some sort. 6. Buddhist Transcriptions, Early Chinese Buddhist transcriptions have been of interest to Sinologists, Buddhologists, and Central Asian specialists for at least a century. Numerous works of E. G. Pulleyblank make extensive use of transcriptional evidence. 7. Han Dialectology. -- A Handbook of Eastern Han Sound Glosses By W. South Coblin |
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