《南山经》
《南山经之首》
南山经之首曰䧿山。其首曰招摇之山，临于西海之上，多桂，多金玉。有草焉，其状如韭而青花，其名曰祝馀，食之不饥。有木焉，其状如谷而黑理，其花四照，其名曰迷谷，佩之不迷。有兽焉，其状如禺而白耳，伏行人走，其名曰狌狌，食之善走。丽𪊨之水出焉，而西流注于海，其中多育沛，佩之无瘕疾。
The first guideway through the Southern Mountains begins at the Magpie Mountains. The first peak is Shaking Mountain, which overlooks the Western Sea. Many cinnamon trees and an abundance of metal and jade are found here. There is also a plant like a scallion with green flowers named Celebrating-Abundance, which relieves hunger if eaten, and a luminous tree like the mulberry with black veins known as the Confusion-Mulberry. Wearing a piece of this tree from the belt will cure mental confusion. There is an animal here whose form resembles a Yu-Ape with white ears. It walks crouched over but runs like a man. It is called the Xingxing. Eating it enhances one’s ability to run. The Beautiful-Deer River flows forth from here westward into the sea. In it are found many Yupei, which will cure intestinal parasites if worn from the belt.
[Xing Xing resembles a pig with a human face, it is capable of identifying people by name.]
又东三百里，曰堂庭之山，多棪木，多白猿，多水玉，多黄金。
Three hundred li farther east is Hall-Court Mountain, where there are many Yan-Trees, many White-Gibbons, and much rock crystal and yellow gold.
又东三百八十里，曰猨翼之山，其中多怪兽，水多怪鱼，多白玉，多腹虫，多怪蛇，多怪木，不可以上。
Three hundred eighty li farther east is Gibbon-Wings Mountain, where there are many strange beasts, many strange fish in the water, an abundance of white jade, and many Fu-Vipers, strange snakes, and strange trees. This mountain should not be climbed.
又东三百七十里，曰杻阳之山，其阳多赤金，其阴多白金。有兽焉，其状如马而白首，其文如虎而赤尾，其音如谣，其名曰鹿蜀，佩之宜子孙。怪水出焉，而东流注于宪翼之水。其中多玄龟，其状如龟而鸟首虺尾，其名曰旋龟，其音如判木，佩之不聋，可以为底。
Three hundred seventy li farther east stands South of the Niu-Trees Mountain, where there is much red-metal on its southern slope and white-metal on its northern slope. There is a beast here whose form resembles a horse with a white head, stripes like a tiger, and a red tail. It makes a sound like a man singing and is called the Lushu. Wearing it from the belt will help people sire many descendants. The Strange River flows east from South of the Niu-Trees Mountain into the Xianyi River. In it are found many black turtles that have the form of a turtle but with a bird’s head and a viper’s tail. They are called Twisting-Turtles and make a sound like wood splitting. Wearing a piece of one from the belt as a talisman will prevent deafness, and it can also remove calluses.
东三百里祗山，多水，无草木。有鱼焉，其状如牛，陵居，蛇尾有翼，其羽在魼下，其音如留牛，其名曰鯥，冬死而夏生，食之无肿疾。
Three hundred li farther east is Root Mountain, where there are many rivers yet no plants or trees. There is a fish here whose form resembles an ox. It dwells in the hills and possesses a snake’s tail, wings, and feathers on its ribs. It is said to make a sound like the Lingering-Ox and is called the Liu. It lives during the summer and dies in the winter. Eating it will prevent swellings.
又东四百里，曰亶爰之山，多水，无草木，不可以上。有兽焉，其状如狸而有髦，其名曰类，自为牝牡，食者不妬。
F our hundred li farther east is Mount Chanyuan, which contains many rivers yet no plants or trees. It should not be climbed. There is a beast here whose form resembles a wildcat with a mane. It is called the Lei and is both male and female. Eating it will cure jealousy.
又东三百里，曰基山，其阳多玉，其阴多怪木。有兽焉，其状如羊，九尾四耳，其目在背，其名曰猼訑，佩之不畏。有鸟焉，其状如鸡而三首六目，六足三翼，其名曰𪁺𩿧，食之无卧。
Three hundred li farther east is Foundation Mountain, where much jade can be found on its south slope and many strange trees on its north. There is a beast here whose form resembles a goat with nine tails and four ears, with its eyes on its back. It is called the Boshi. Wearing part of it from the belt will prevent fear. There is a bird dwelling here on Foundation Mountain whose form resembles a chicken with three heads, six eyes, six feet, and three wings. It is called the Changfu. Eating it will prevent sleep.
又东三百里，曰青丘之山，其阳多玉，其阴多青䨼。有兽焉，其状如狐而九尾，其音如婴儿，能食人，食者不蛊。有鸟焉，其状如鸠，其音若呵，名曰灌灌，佩之不惑。英水出焉，南流注于鲫翼之泽。其中多赤鱬，其状如鱼而人面，其音如鸳鸯，食之不疥。
Three hundred li farther east is Green-Hills Mountain, where much jade can be found on its south slope and green cinnabar on its north. There is a beast here whose form resembles a fox with nine tails. It makes a sound like a baby and is a man-eater. Whoever eats it will be protected against insect-poison (gu). There is a bird here on Green-Hills Mountain whose form resembles a dove and that makes a sound like a man shouting. It is called the Guanguan. Wearing a part of it from the belt will prevent mental confusion. The Eminent River flows forth from Green-Hills Mountain southward into Carp-Wings Lake. Many Red Ru-Fish are found in the lake. It has the basic form of a fish with a human face and makes a sound like a mandarin duck. Eating it will prevent scabies.
凡䧿山之首，自招摇之山，以至箕尾之山，凡十山，二千九百五十里。其神状皆鸟身而龙首，其祠之礼：毛用一，璋玉瘗，糈用稌米，一壁，稻米、白菅为席。
The ten mountains from the first peak, Shaking Mountain in the Magpie Mountains to Winnower-Tail Mountain, extend 2,950 li in length. The gods of these mountains all have the form of a bird’s body with a dragon’s head. The proper sacrifice to them is an animal of a single color and the burial of a jade blade. The grain offering is glutinous rice along with a jade disc and unhulled rice. White reeds should be used for the ceremonial mats.
《南次二经》
《南次二经》之首，曰柜山，西临流黄，北望诸毗，东望长右。英水出焉，西南流注于赤水，其中多白玉，多丹粟。有兽焉，其状如豚，有距，其音如狗吠，其名曰狸力，见则其县多土功。有鸟焉，其状如鸱而人手，其音如痹，其名曰鴸，其鸣自号也，见则其县多放士。
The second guideway through the Southern Mountains begins at Willow Mountain, which faces the Land of Flowing Yellow Sands to the west, Mount Zhubi to the north, and Mount Changyou to the east. The Eminent River flows forth from Willow Mountain southwest into the Red River. In it can be found much white jade and fine grains of cinnabar. There is a beast here whose form resembles a pig with spurs on its feet. It makes a sound like a dog barking. It is called the Lili. If seen by people, it is an omen that there will be much public earthwork construction in the district. There is a bird dwelling here on Willow Mountain whose form resembles an owl but with human hands instead of feet. It makes a sound similar to a female quail. It is called the Zhu and makes a sound like its name. If seen by people, it is an omen that many officials in the district will be exiled by the ruler.
东南四百五十里，曰长右之山，无草木，多水。有兽焉，其状如禺而四耳，其名长右，其音如吟，见则郡县大水。
Four hundred fifty li to the southeast stands Mount Changyou, which lacks plants and trees, though it contains many rivers. There is a beast here whose form resembles a Yu-Ape with four ears. It is called the Changyou. It makes a sound like a person singing. If seen by people, it is an omen of a great flood in the districts of the commandery.
又东三百四十里曰尧光之山，其阳多玉，其阴多金。有兽焉，其状如人而彘鬣，穴居而冬蛰，其名曰猾褢，其音如斫木，见则县有大繇。
Another three hundred forty li east stands Lofty-Brilliance Mountain, which contains much jade on its southern slope and much metal on its northern slope. There is a beast here whose form resembles a human with pig’s bristles. It dwells in a cave and hibernates in winter. It is called the Huahuai, and it makes a sound like chopping wood. If seen by people, it is an omen that there will be conscription in the district.
又东三百五十里，曰羽山，其下多水，其上多雨，无草木，多蝮虫。
又东三百七十里，曰瞿父之山，无草木，多金玉。
又东四百里，曰句馀之山，无草木，多金玉。
又东五百里，曰浮玉之山，北望具区，东望诸毗。有兽焉，其状如虎而牛尾，其音如吠犬，其名曰彘，是食人。苕水出于其阴，北流注于具区。其中多鮆鱼。
Another five hundred li east is Floating-Jade Mountain. To the north it overlooks Lake Juqu and to the east, the Zhubi River. There is a beast dwelling here whose form resembles a tiger with an ox’s tail. It makes a sound like a barking dog and it is called the Zhi. It is a man-eater. The Broomstraw River emanates from the north side of Floating-Jade Mountain and flows into Lake Juqu. In it are found many Zi-Fish.
又东五百里，曰会稽之山，四方，其上多金玉，其下多砆石。勺水出焉，而南流注于湨。
又东五百里，曰夷山，无草木，多沙石，湨水出焉，而南流注于列涂。
又东五百里，曰仆勾之山，其上多金玉，其下多草木，无鸟兽，无水。
又东五百里，曰咸阴之山，无草木，无水。
又东四百里，曰洵山，其阳多金，其阴多玉。有兽焉，其状如羊而无口，不可杀也，其名曰䍺。洵水出焉，而南流注于阏之泽，其中多芘蠃。
Four hundred li further east is Mount Xun, which contains much metal on its southern slope and much jade on its northern slope. There is a beast here whose form resembles a goat but without a mouth and which cannot be killed. It is called the Huan. Xun River emanates from the mountain, and flows into the Yu Marshes, in it are found many Pyrene Wasps.
又东四百里，曰宓勺之山，其上多梓楠，其下多荆杞。滂水出焉，而东流注于海。
又东五百里，曰区吴之山，无草木，多砂石。鹿水出焉，而南流注于滂水。
又东五百里，曰鹿吴之山，上无草木，多金石。泽更之水出焉，而南流注于滂水。水有兽焉，名曰蛊雕，其状如雕而有角，其音如婴儿之音，是食人。
One thousand four hundred li farther east is Mount Luwu, which lacks plants or trees on its heights but contains much metal and minerals. The Zegeng River emanates from it and flows south into the Surging River. There is a beast here named the Gudiao. It has the basic form of an eagle with a horn, and though it makes a sound like a baby, it is a man-eater.
东五百里，曰漆吴之山，无草木，多博石，无玉。处于海，东望丘山，其光载出载入，是惟日次。
凡《南次二经》之首，自柜山至于漆吴之山，凡十七山，七千二百里。其神状皆龙身而鸟首。其祠：毛用一璧瘗，糈用稌。
The second guideway through the Southern Mountains from Willow Mountain to Mount Qiwu comprises seventeen mountains along a length of 7,200 li. The gods of these mountains all have a dragon’s body with a bird’s head. The proper sacrifice to them is an animal of a uniform color and a jade disc buried in the earth. The grain offering is glutinous rice.
《南次三经》
《南次三经》之首，曰天虞之山，其下多水，不可以上。东五百里，曰祷过之山，其上多金玉，其下多犀、兕，多象。有鸟焉，其状如鵁，而白首、三足、人面，其名曰瞿如，其鸣自号也。泿水出焉，而南流注于海。其中有虎蛟，其状鱼身而蛇尾，其音如鸳鸯，食者不肿，可以已痔。
The third guideway through the Southern Mountains begins with Mount Tianyu, below which flow many rivers. It should not be climbed. Five hundred li east stands Pray-and-Pass Mountain. Much metal and jade are found on its heights, while below are found many Xi-Rhinoceros along with Si-Rhinoceros and elephants. There is a bird here on Pray-and-Pass Mountain whose form resembles a Jiao-Duck but with a white head, three feet, and a human face. It makes a sound like its name. The Yin River emanates from Pray-and-Pass Mountain, flowing southward into the sea. It contains many Tiger-Dragons. The Tiger-Dragon has a fish’s body and a snake’s tail. It makes a sound like a mandarin duck. Eating it prevents swellings and hemorrhoids.
又东五百里，曰丹穴之山，其上多金玉。丹水出焉，而南流注于渤海。有鸟焉，其状如鸡，五采而文，名曰凤皇，首文曰德，翼文曰义，背文曰礼，膺文曰仁，腹文曰信。是鸟也，饮食自然，自歌自舞，见则天下安宁。
Five hundred li farther east is Red Cave Mountain, much metal and jade are found on its height. The Red River emanates from the mountain, and flows south to Bohai Lake. There is a bird here whose form resembles a rooster with five colours, whose name is Fenghuang. It's form resembles a chicken with five colour and markings of the graph for virtue on its head, duty on its wings, ritual on its back, humaneness on its breast, and trust on its stomach. It eats, drinks, sings, and dances at will and, if seen, is an omen of world peace.
又东四百里，至于旄山之尾，其南有谷，曰育遗，多怪鸟，凯风自是出。
又东四百里，至于非山之首，其上多金玉，无水，其下多蝮虫。
又东五百里，曰阳夹之山，无草木，多水。
又东五百里，曰灌湘之山，上多木，无草；多怪鸟，无兽。
又东五百里，曰鷄山，其上多金，其下多丹雘。黑水出焉，而南流注于海。其中有鱄鱼，其状如鲋而彘毛，其音如豚，见则天下大旱。
Five hundred li farther east is Chicken Mountain, which contains much metal on its heights and much fine cinnabar at its feet. The Black River emanates from it and flows southward into the sea. In it dwell many Tuan-Fish. It has the basic form of a carp, but with hog’s bristles, and makes a sound like a pig. If seen by people, it is an omen of a great drought throughout the world.
又东四百里，曰令丘之山，无草木，多火。其南有谷焉，曰中谷，条风自是出。有鸟焉，其状如枭，人面四目而有耳，其名曰顒，其鸣自号也，见则天下大旱。
Four hundred li east stands Excellent-Hills Mountain, which lacks plants and trees but issues forth a fiery illumination. On its south is a valley called Central Valley from where the Northeast Wind originates. There is a bird here whose form resembles an owl but with a human face, four eyes, and ears. It is called the Yu and makes a sound like its name. If seen by people, it is an omen of a great drought throughout the world.
又东五百八十里，曰禺槀之山，多怪兽，多大蛇。
东五百八十里，曰南禺之山，其上多金玉，其下多水。有穴焉，水春辄入，夏乃出，冬则闭。佐水出焉，而东南流注于海，有凤皇、鵷鶵。
凡《南次三经》之首，自天虞之山以至南禺之山，凡一十四山，六千五百三十里。其神皆龙身而人面。其祠皆一白狗祈，糈用稌。
The third guideway through the Southern Mountains extends for 6,530 li along fourteen mountains from Mount Tianyu to South Yu-Ape Mountain. The gods of these mountains all have a dragon’s body with a human face. The proper sacrifice to them is a white dog offered up with a prayer, and the grain offering is glutinous rice.
右南经之山志，大小凡四十山，万六千三百八十里。